Great Toe Arthritis
The Condition
Hallux limitus/rigidus are terms used to describe degenerative arthritis of the great toe joint. Patients affected by these incapacitating conditions typically complain of stiffness, joint locking and pain.
The Treatment
Early detection, evaluation and treatment can lead to better results and more successful outcomes. Several conservative and surgical options are available to help manage these conditions. Symptomatic relief can be provided through the administration of oral anti-inflammatory medications as well as through the use of injectable forms. These medications can provide temporary relief of pain and discomfort. They can help to reduce inflammation and swelling and can be administered on an as-needed basis. Custom-made foot orthotics can also be fabricated to reduce joint motion and slow deformity progression.
Frequently Asked Questions
Patients with arthritis of the great toe joint may have to alter the pattern in which they walk to compensate for the discomfort and lack of flexibility they experience. This change in propulsion can lead to knee, hip and back pain due to the formation of an unnatural stride.
Surgical treatment of great toe joint arthritis is usually addressed by joint fusion or joint replacement. The benefits of each procedure will be determined based upon your age and activity level. In some patients arthritis is due to bone spurs, which limit joint motion. The spurs can be removed in order to restore the normal anatomy and improve joint function.
Fusion of the great toe joint is also an option for patients with arthritis. This process involves careful preparation of the arthritic joint surfaces to remove any remaining cartilage. The two bones of the joint are then positioned to allow for adequate clearance of the toe when walking and running. The bones are maintained in this position while they heal as one solid unit. Stability during the healing process is achieved with internal fixation devices such as screws, a combination of a plate and screws, or pins. This type of procedure is a good option for younger and middle-aged individuals and for athletes. The fusion procedure can handle the force and impact associated with sports and running.
The Lapiplasty 3D Bunion correction procedure has been adapted to address arthritis of the great toe joint. The technique, plate/screw technology and approach allow for immediate weight bearing in a cast boot following the surgical fusion. This method allows for a rapid return to activity in comparison to traditional fusion surgeries. It also provides for a correction of arthritic bunion deformities in all three planes.